
F. Scott Fitzgerald on Holding Opposing Ideas in the Mind in Context
F. Scott Fitzgerald, "The Crack-Up" (February, 1936) in The Crack-Up, ed. Edmund Wilson (New Directions: Feb 27, 2009), pp. 69-70.Let me make a general observation — the test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function. One should, for example, be able to see that things are hopeless and yet be determined to make them otherwise. … I must hold in balance the sense of the futility of effort and the sense of the necessity to struggle; the conviction of the inevitability of failure and still the determination to “succeed” — and, more than these, the contradiction between the dead hand of the past and the high intentions for the future. If I could do this through the common ills — domestic, professional and personal — then the ego would continue as an arrow shot from nothingness to nothingness with such force that only gravity would bring it to earth at last.